Madagascar Protests Escalate as Gen Z Demands President’s Resignation

Protests in Madagascar escalated on Thursday as approximately 1,000 demonstrators marched through the capital, Antananarivo, demanding the resignation of President Andry Rajoelina. Clashes erupted between protesters and police, who employed tear gas and stun grenades to disperse the crowds. This unrest marks the third consecutive week of significant demonstrations in the Indian Ocean island nation, representing the most intense civil discontent in years.

Protests Sparked by Multiple Grievances

Initially ignited by widespread water and power outages, the protests have expanded to include accusations of corruption and nepotism within the government. As tensions mounted, the United Nations reported that at least 22 people have died in the protests, a figure disputed by the government. The protests have been organized by a youth-led group called Gen Z Madagascar, which has drawn inspiration from recent uprisings in other nations, including Nepal and Sri Lanka.

In a bid to quell the unrest, President Rajoelina, who was re-elected in 2023 after a boycott by opposition parties, dismissed his entire Cabinet. Despite this action, the young protesters rejected an invitation for dialogue with Rajoelina, indicating their determination for more substantial change.

During the clashes, which were concentrated in the Anosy and Mahamasina districts, protesters barricaded streets using rocks and burning tires. Police restricted vehicle access to key areas, including Democracy Square in Ambohijatovo, as they attempted to maintain order. The atmosphere remained tense, with reports of ongoing confrontations and instances of looting.

Historical Context and Ongoing Challenges

Madagascar, home to around 31 million people, has a history of political upheaval, having seen multiple leaders ousted since gaining independence from France in 1960. The country grapples with severe poverty, with around 80% of the population affected, according to the World Bank. As the protests continue, images of a pirate skull and crossbones have emerged as a symbol of the movement, echoing similar imagery from international protests.

As police patrol the streets of Antananarivo in armored vehicles, the situation remains fluid. The government’s ability to address the underlying issues driving the protests will be crucial in determining whether the unrest will subside or escalate further in the coming days.